随着翻译的需求越来越多，译员应更注重翻译质量，那么如果要提供高质量的翻译，需要注意那些细节?下面林木翻译公司给大家分享怎样提高翻译质量的一些技巧?

 

　　1、避免返工

　　1. Avoid rework

　　首先，尽量在第一遍就把翻译做好。编辑和修改工作错综复杂、变化不定，而且非常耗时。所以，尽力像实时发布译文一样翻译好每个词语。推拖到“以后”的工作越少，编辑和校对过程中这些工作被忽略的机会就越小。

　　First, try to do the translation well on the first time. Editing and revision are complex, variable and time-consuming. So try to translate every word as well as publish the translation in real time. The less work you push and drag to "later," the less chance it will be ignored during editing and proofreading.

　　2、列出危险词汇

　　2. List dangerous words

　　哪些词汇在译文语言中容易被混淆。使用五笔时常常会把“运行”输入成“支行”，这种词虽然没错，但具有不同意思。列出自己“常犯错误”的清单，使用搜索命令查看是否用错词。

　　Which words are easily confused in the target language. When you use five strokes, you often enter "run" as "branch". Although this word is true, it has different meanings. Make a list of your "common mistakes" and use the search command to see if you use the wrong words.

　　3、运行拼写和语法检查程序

　　3. Run spelling and grammar checker

　　编辑校对文本前始终运行拼写和语法检查程序。但是，在检查拼写和语法之前，选择整个文档，将语言设置为译文语言，确保检查程序完全激活，提示信息应出现在工具菜单内。拼写和语法检查程序常被人嘲笑，它们有时检查不出真正问题，却对并不存在的问题提示一些可笑答案。然而，拼写和语法检查程序确实可找到大量值得注意的问题，并且提供的许多答案是完全正确的。尽管不能解决全部问题，但却可节省大量工作。

　　Always run the spelling and grammar checker before editing proofed text. However, before checking spelling and grammar, select the entire document, set the language to the translation language, make sure the checker is fully activated, and the prompt should appear in the tool menu. Spelling and grammar checkers are often ridiculed. They sometimes fail to check for real problems, but give funny answers to problems that don't exist. However, the spelling and grammar checker does find a large number of noteworthy questions, and many of the answers provided are completely correct. Although not all problems can be solved, a lot of work can be saved.

　　4、注意同源词、错别字和其他

　　4. Pay attention to cognates, typos and others

　　如果翻译涉及的两种语言有同源词，则可能已被警告假同源词，这些具有不同意义但词汇相同或极其相似的语言对，即假朋友，

　　If the two languages involved in the translation have cognates, they may have been warned of false cognates, which have different meanings but have the same or very similar vocabulary, i.e. false friends,

　　5、小心形容词和副词译错

　　5. Careful translation of adjectives and adverbs

　　准确是一种倍受赞赏的翻译美德，但我们经常注意名词和动词的准确，然而准确却时常寓于形容词和副词之中。形容词和副词是典型的“微妙变化词汇”，这种微不足道的词汇对我们的思想起着微调作用。多年前，一家巴西出版社委托一个当地大学教授翻译一本科普书。可能因为译员不喜欢所读的内容，也可能是其他原因，反正，尽管把名词和动词翻译得正确无误，但总把形容词和副词译错。极富创造力的研究仅仅译成有趣的研究，明显错误译成可能错误，诸如此类的错误很多。“技术术语”全是名词或动词，翻译得非常准确，出版社对之非常满意，但是译文质量却非常糟糕。

　　Accuracy is a highly appreciated translation virtue, but we often pay attention to the accuracy of nouns and verbs, but accuracy is often contained in adjectives and adverbs. Adjectives and adverbs are typical "subtle change words", which play a fine-tuning role in our thinking. Many years ago, a Brazilian Publishing House commissioned a professor from a local university to translate a popular science book. It may be because the translator doesn't like what he reads, or it may be for other reasons. Anyway, although the translation of nouns and verbs is correct, the translation of adjectives and adverbs is always wrong. Creative research is only translated into interesting research, obviously wrong translation may be wrong, and so on. "Technical terms" are all nouns or verbs. They are translated very accurately. The publishing house is very satisfied with them, but the quality of the translation is very poor.

　　6、避免入介词陷阱

　　6. Avoid the preposition trap

　　有趣的是，大量译员仍然会陷入介词陷阱。大部分介词不会独立存在，它们需要由动词或名词来搭配。

　　Interestingly, a large number of translators still fall into the preposition trap. Most prepositions do not exist independently. They need to be matched by verbs or nouns.

　　7、注意眉、页脚、图形和文本框格式

　　7. Pay attention to header, footer, graphic and text box formats

　　我们翻译时常常会直奔正文，忽视页眉和页脚，这里常常隐藏严重的错误。如果原文文本为MS Word文档，请注意有些图形在打印预览方式时才会显示，而且不要忘记寻找有无文本框。因为我们确实没有这样做，最近就与一家翻译机构陷入极其尴尬的困境，文档有两个微小的文本框，总共不到十个字。但这恰恰是关键字，最终客户最先注意的就是这几个字。

　　When we translate, we often go straight to the text, ignoring the header and footer, where serious mistakes are often hidden. If the original text is an MS Word document, please note that some graphics will only be displayed in print preview mode, and do not forget to look for a text box. Because we didn't do this, we recently fell into an extremely awkward situation with a translation agency. The document has two tiny text boxes, less than ten words in total. But this is exactly the key words, which are the first words that end customers pay attention to.

　　8、遵守译文语言印刷规则和标点符号规则

　　8. Abide by the printing rules and punctuation rules of the target language

　　不同的语言有不同的排版和标点符号惯例，翻译时应遵守译文的语言用法。我们译员当中有太多的人忘记这点，将原文语言的规则强加到译文语言的文本上。例如，我们常常会看到巴西葡萄牙语译文按照英语规则将某些词汇大写了，汉语译文按照英语规则将某些词汇处理为斜体字,甚至有些英语译文中存在中文标点符号和项目编号。许多译员要么输入时粗心大意，要么从不学习如何使用计算机输入文本。例如，我们常常发现这样的翻译：文本词汇之间存在多余空格，逗号前出现空格，英文句点后没有空格，中文句号后加了空格，制表使用不当等等。这种文本不仅给编辑、排版和校对造成不必要的困难，而且还会给客户留下粗心印象，这对我们的形象极其不利。不要说这不属于你的工作：我们应努力做好自己的翻译，从而使编辑员和校对员不必再修改译文，虽然这是不可能的，但始终应努力这样做。以上并非说你应成为一个排版员。事实上，我们与排版人员都承认一种人人皆知的说法：排版人员不翻译，翻译人员不排版。上面所说只是指，我们的工作应符合几项“排版卫生”基本规则。

　　Different languages have different conventions of typesetting and punctuation. When translating, we should abide by the language usage of the translation. Too many of us translators forget this and impose the rules of the original language on the text of the target language. For example, we often see that Brazilian Portuguese translation capitalizes some words according to English rules, Chinese translation processes some words into italics according to English rules, and even some English translations contain Chinese punctuation marks and item numbers. Many translators either input carelessly or never learn how to use computers to input text. For example, we often find that there are redundant spaces between text words, spaces before commas, no spaces after English periods, spaces after Chinese periods, improper tabulation, etc. This kind of text not only causes unnecessary difficulties for editing, typesetting and proofreading, but also leaves a careless impression on customers, which is extremely unfavorable to our image. Don't say it's not your job: we should try our best to do our own translation, so that editors and proofreaders don't have to modify the translation. Although it's impossible, we should always try our best to do so. That's not to say you should be a typesetter. As a matter of fact, we and the typesetters all agree that the typesetters do not translate and the translators do not typeset. The above only means that our work should conform to several basic rules of "typesetting sanitation".

　　9、切勿使用“全部替换”命令

　　9. Do not use the replace all command

　　这是所有命令当中最致命的命令。虽然我们知道操作的替换可以撤销，但我们也知道，通常你只有在应用全部替换半小时并进行了100处其他文本修改后才发现错误，这时再控制纠正已太迟了。

　　This is the deadliest of all orders. Although we know that the replacement of the operation can be undone, we also know that usually you find the error only half an hour after applying all the replacement and making 100 other text modifications. At this time, it is too late to control and correct.

　　10、不要让拔河比赛损害你的译文

　　10. Don't let tug of war damage your translation

　　翻译过程中，原文语言和译文语言就像在进行拔河比赛，不断产生拉力，根据我们处理的程度，可能使我们的译文丰富多彩，也可能使我们的译文不堪一读。

　　In the process of translation, the original language and the target language are like tug of war, which constantly generate tension. According to the degree of our handling, it may make our translation colorful, or make our translation unreadable.

　　11、避免“胜者为原文语言”

　　11. Avoid "the winner is the original language"

　　原文语言占上风时，就会出现翻译腔作品，从中能够容易看到原文“复印效应”。有时，文字没有任何语法错误，但却能够看出，文字并不地道。虽然正确，但读起来别扭。因为不可能引用语法规则检验是否文本需要修改，这使得编辑员的工作更加困难，出现导致译员与编辑员之间不断相互攻击的情况。许多翻译案例中，如有一位不懂译文语言词汇的项目经理参与时，会使情况变得更糟糕。确定翻译是否自然的一种优秀方法是朗读译文，但不幸的是我们根本没有时间去朗读。然而，你应对每个稿件朗读一段试试，确保翻译行文流畅。请不要说你在翻译技术资料，不需要阅读起来自然流畅的译文。除可能存在的零件目录外，译文语言中每种文本都应读起来自然通顺。

　　When the original language prevails, there will be translated works, from which we can easily see the "copy effect" of the original. Sometimes, there is no grammatical error in the text, but it can be seen that the text is not authentic. It's true, but it's awkward to read. Because it is impossible to use grammar rules to check whether the text needs to be modified, it makes the work of editors more difficult, which leads to constant attacks between translators and editors. In many translation cases, if there is a project manager who does not understand the translated language vocabulary, it will make the situation worse. An excellent way to determine whether translation is natural is to read the translation aloud, but unfortunately we don't have time to read it at all. However, you should try to read a paragraph from each manuscript to make sure the translation is fluent. Please don't say that you are translating technical materials. You don't need to read a natural and fluent translation. In addition to the possible parts catalogue, each text in the translated language should be read naturally and smoothly.

　　12、避免“译者为译文语言”

　　12. Avoid "translator for target language"

　　然而，自然风格不应以牺牲忠实原文为代价来实现。不对原文与译文进行比较完成编辑工作时，常常导致这种情况。性急的编辑员常常会脱离原稿件修改译文，就好比译文语言在拔河比赛中获胜。译文语言获胜时，我们得到的是法国称为belle infidèle(美而不信)的结果，翻译读起来优美却不忠实于原文。确定翻译是否忠实于原文的唯一方法是对之进行比较(这是一种被不少心急的编辑员或企图节省成本的翻译机构忽视的工作)，当不需要对照原文复查译文时，如果还有时间，请求编校人员只在需要时参考原文。即使译文稍后会由他人编辑，大多数译员仍然重视编辑自己的译文，这是非常好的做法。这些译员，有的喜欢分两步编辑：先比较原文和译文检查忠实性，然后只读译文查看是否流畅。有的则喜欢按相反顺序编辑：先检查流畅性，再检查忠实性。无论选择哪种顺序，都应坚持自我编校译文，否则就算没有完成工作。

　　However, natural style should not be achieved at the expense of faithfulness. This is often the case when editing without comparing the original text with the translation. The impatient editor often changes the translation from the original manuscript, just like the translation language wins the tug of war. When the target language wins, we get the result that France calls Belle infid è le. The translation reads beautiful but not faithful to the original. The only way to determine whether a translation is faithful to the original is to compare it (a work neglected by many anxious editors or translation agencies trying to save costs). When there is no need to review the translation against the original, if there is still time, ask the editors to refer to the original only when necessary. Even if the translation will be edited later, most translators still attach great importance to editing their own translation, which is a very good practice. Some of these translators like to edit in two steps: first, check the faithfulness of the original text and the translation, and then read only the translation to see if it is fluent. Some prefer to edit in reverse order: first check for fluency, then for fidelity. No matter which order you choose, you should stick to self editing translation, or you will not finish the work.

　　13、人工检查你的译文

　　13、 Check your translation manually

　　如果你的客户是翻译机构，那么很可能会有专门的译审来检查你的译文。如果你的客户是最终客户，你应另寻他人来检查你的译文。即使你的译作非常优秀，他们也会从中发现奇怪的错误，并将译文改的面目全非。但请做好心理准备：编校眼里无佳译。

　　If your client is a translation agency, there will probably be a special translation review to check your translation. If your client is the end client, you should find someone else to check your translation. Even if your translation is excellent, they will find strange mistakes in it and change it completely. But please be prepared: there is no good translation in editing and proofreading.